Measurement of environmental sensitivity in adolescents: Chinese version of the Highly Sensitive Child Scale and its moderation role / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To revise the Highly Sensitive Child (HSC) Scale for Chinese Adolescents and investigate the role of adolescents’ sensitivity to environmental influences. 【Methods】 The HSC Scale was translated into Chinese. A total of 2166 adolescents in Xi’an were selected for exploratory factor, confirmatory factor analyses and reliability analysis. The participants were 609 healthy adolescents and 105 depressive adolescents aged 14-17 years, who were evaluated with the HSC scale and PHQ-9 scale as well as sleep duration and academic achievement questions. 【Results】 First, the factor structure (CFI=0.989, GFI=0.977, AGFI=0.958, TLI=0.983, RMSEA=0.042, RMR=0.050) indicated that HSC scale was a reliable measure of environmental sensitivity. The results supported a bifactor model with a general sensitivity factor and three group factors. Second, the Cronbach α was 0.892, and the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.743. Third, depressive adolescents had a significantly higher HSC score, compared with the healthy ones (F=15.1, P<0.01). Fourth, the relationship between BMI and adolescent adjustment was moderated by environmental sensitivity. Simple slope analysis showed that when the level of environmental sensitivity was higher, weight gain could predict adolescents’ emotional, sleep and academic problems. 【Conclusion】 The Chinese version of HSC has good psychometric characteristics and may be applied in Chinese adolescents. Environmental sensitivity may be a personality factor that influences depressive symptoms in adolescents.

Moderation effect of antecedent rainfall conditions on incidence of bacillary dysentery following heavy rainfall in Anhui Province / 环境与职业医学

Background Climate change leads to frequent heavy rainfall events, and higher incidences of bacillary dysentery after heavy rainfall have been observed. The impacts of heavy rainfall and its antecedent rainfall conditions on the disease are worth paying attention to. Objective To quantitatively analyze how the relationship between heavy rainfall events and bacillary dysentery occurrence is modified by antecedent rainfall conditions in Anhui Province and explore the different moderation effects in urban and rural contexts. Methods CN05.1 meteorological data of Anhui Province and cases of bacillary dysentery of the same area were collected from January 1, 2006 to August 31, 2017. An exposure-response Poisson regression model of heavy rainfall events and the number of daily cases was constructed to explore the moderation effect of antecedent rainfall conditions on the incidence of bacillary dysentery, and further stratified by urban and rural areas. Results This study included 129 459 cases of bacillary dysentery, with a daily average of 30.39. Compared with dry antecedent conditions without heavy rainfall, dry antecedent conditions with heavy rainfall had no obvious different effect on the incidence of bacillary dysentery for the whole province (P>0.05). But wet antecedent conditions significantly increased the risk of bacillary dysentery for the whole province after heavy rainfall (wet antecedent conditions without heavy rainfall: RR=1.281, 95%CI: 1.264-1.298; wet antecedent conditions with heavy rainfall: RR=1.267, 95%CI: 1.167-1.376). After urban and rural stratification, antecedent rainfall conditions also showed a significant moderation effect on the incidence of bacillary dysentery following heavy rainfall events. Compared with dry antecedent conditions without heavy rainfall, dry antecedent conditions with heavy rainfall had no obvious effect on the incidence of bacillary dysentery for the urban and the rural populations (P > 0.05). However, wet antecedent conditions without heavy rainfall (urban: RR=1.391, 95%CI: 1.362-1.421; rural: RR=1.222, 95%CI: 1.201-1.243) and wet antecedent conditions with heavy rainfall (urban: RR=1.364, 95%CI: 1.193-1.559; rural: RR=1.218, 95%CI: 1.098-1.352) significantly increased the risk of bacillary dysentery in both rural and urban areas. Conclusion In the influence of heavy rainfall on the incidence of bacillary dysentery in Anhui Province, antecedent rainfall conditions have a certain moderation effect in the whole province and in both urban and rural areas, and the risk of bacillary dysentery is increased under wet antecedent conditions.

Well-being of unemployed people: relations with work values and time of unemployment / Bem-estar de pessoas desempregadas: relações com valor do trabalho e tempo de desemprego

This study aims to analyze the moderating power of time of unemployment in the relationship between work values and psychological well-being. The sample consisted of 265 unemployed individuals, 77 men and 188 women with an average age of 27 years (SD = 7.21), with complete secondary education in 48% of the total sample. The following data collection instruments were applied: Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, the Flourishing Scale and the Work Intrinsic Values Scale. The results of hierarchical regression analyses show that time of unemployment acts as a moderator in the relationship between the work values and the psychological well-being, so that the longer the unemployment duration the greater the individual's psychological well-being. Consequently, the shorter the period of unemployment, more intense is the feeling of negative emotions. The result yield three important contributions: demonstration of the association between work values and psychological well-being of unemployed; identification that the period of unemployment is an important moderator to understand the unemployed well-being and review of the issue of unemployment in the social and political field in times of recession.

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o poder moderacional do tempo de desemprego na relação entre o valor do trabalho e o bem-estar psicológico. A amostra foi composta por 265 desempregados, sendo 77 homens e 188 mulheres, com idade média de 27 anos (DP = 7,21); destes, 48% tinham Ensino Médio completo. Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos de coleta de dados: Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos, Escala de Florescimento e Escala de Valores Intrínsecos do Trabalho. Os resultados das análises de regressão hierárquica demonstram que a duração do desemprego atua como moderador na relação entre o valor do trabalho e o bem-estar psicológico, de modo que, quanto maior a duração do desemprego, maior é o bem-estar psicológico das pessoas. Consequentemente, quanto menor for a duração do desemprego, maior é a vivência de sentimentos negativos. Os resultados trazem três importantes contribuições: evidenciam haver associação entre valor do trabalho e bem-estar psicológico de desempregados; identificam que a duração do desemprego é um moderador relevante para compreender o bem-estar de desempregados; analisam questões relativas ao desemprego em tempos de recessão no campo social e político.

Relationship of big five personality traits, negative life events and suicide tendency in college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship among five personality factors, negative life events and suicidal tendency of college students, so as to provide reference for college students' suicide prevention.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 885 college students in Xi'an city, Shaanxi province. A comprehensive college, a science and engineering college and a liberal arts college were selected respectively. Three questionnaires were applied to all subjects, including big five personality questionnaire, life event questionnaire and scale of adolescents' suicide tendency. Hierarchical regression model was adopted to analyzed the relationship of big five personality traits, negative life events and suicide tendency. Pearson correlation analysis and mediating effect test were conducted by using SPSS 20.0 software.Results:There was no significant interaction between gender and negative life events on suicidal tendency ( β=-0.03, t=-0.96, P>0.05). Conscientiousness( β=-0.12, t=-4.06, P<0.01), neuroticism ( β=0.24, t=7.54, P<0.01), agreeableness( β=-0.15, t=-3.65, P<0.01), extroversion ( β=-0.27, t=-8.56, P<0.01) and openness ( β=-0.12, t=-3.38, P<0.01)in Big Five personality had significant moderating effect on the relationship between negative life events and suicidal tendency. High conscientiousness, high agreeableness, high extroversion and high openness had protective effect on the relationship between negative life events and suicidal ideation. High neuroticism was a risk factor of the relationship between negative life events and suicidal tendency. Conclusion:The five factors of personality are closely related with negative life events and suicidal ideation. The five factors of personality can regulate the relationship between life events and suicidal tendency.

Essa eu vou postar: Explorando as relações entre narcisismo, uso do Instagram e a moderação da autoestima / This I will post: Exploring the relationship between narcissism, use of Instagram and moderation role of self-esteem / Esto lo voy a publicar: Explorando las relaciones entre narcisismo, uso del Instagram y la moderación de la autoestima

Resumo: O narcisismo envolve características como exibicionismo, grandiosidade e necessidade constante de ser admirado. Tais características apontam o papel fundamental que este traço de personalidade pode ter para explicar o uso do Instagram. Esta rede social parece ser um cenário propício para que os narcisistas possam se autopromover e manterem seu autoconceito grandioso e irrealístico, buscando feedback positivo por meio de curtidas, visualizações e comentários. Nesta direção, o presente estudo objetiva analisar o papel preditor do narcisismo em relação ao uso do Instagram, testando o papel moderador da autoestima. Participaram 207 usuários desta rede social, sendo identificado que narcisistas tendem a passar mais tempo no Instagram, postam mais fotos e stories, atribuindo muita importância a receber feedback (curtidas e visualizações). Ademais, verificou-se que a importância atribuída a receber feedbacks foi mais forte entre os narcisistas que possuem baixa autoestima, sendo que receber curtidas e visualizações pode ser uma forma de compensação para os baixos níveis nesta variável. Portanto, observa-se que o uso do Instagram pode ser explicado por meio do narcisismo, podendo haver interações com a autoestima, dando importantes insights para se entender o uso problemático desta rede social.

Abstract: Narcissism involves characteristics such as exhibitionism, grandiosity and a constant need to be admired. Such characteristics highlight the role that this personality trait may have in the use of Instagram. This social network seems to be a propitious setting for narcissists to self-promote and maintain their grandiose and unrealistic self-concept by seeking positive feedback through number of likes, views, and comments. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the predictive role of narcissism in Instagram use, testing the moderating role of self-esteem. Participants were 207 users of this social network, whereby it was identified that narcissists tend to spend more time on Instagram, post more pictures and stories, giving much importance to receiving feedback (likes and views). Moreover, it was verified that the importance attributed to receiving such feedback was stronger among the narcissists with low self-esteem, such that gathering likes and views can be a way of compensating for low self-esteem. Therefore, it was observed that the use of Instagram can be explained by narcissism, and there may be interactions with self-esteem, which gives important insights to the understanding of the problematic use of this social network.

Resumen: El narcisismo involucra características como el exhibicionismo, grandiosidad y necesidad constante de ser admirado. Dichas características apuntan el papel fundamental que este rasgo de personalidad puede tener para explicar el uso del Instagram. Esta red social parece ser un escenario propicio para que los narcisistas puedan autopromoverse y mantener su autoconcepto grandioso y irrealístico, buscando feedback positivo por medio de curtidas, visualizaciones y comentarios. En esta dirección, este estudio tiene por objetivo analizar el rol predictor del narcisismo con relación al uso del Instagram, evaluando el rol moderador de la autoestima. 207 personas usuarias de Instagram participaron del estudio, teniendo en cuenta que narcisistas pasan más tiempo en Instagram, publican más fotos y stories, atribuyendo mucha importancia a recibir feedbacks. Además, se observó que la importancia atribuida a recibir feedbacks fue más elevada entre los narcisistas con baja autoestima, siendo que recibir curtidas y visualizaciones pueden ser una forma de compensación para los bajos niveles en esta variable. Por lo tanto, se observa que el uso del Instagram puede ser explicado por medio del narcisismo, pudiendo haber interacciones con la autoestima, dando importantes claves para entender el uso problemático de esta red social.

Research and Practice of " Three Suitability" Theory in Processing of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

As an important part of clinical medication, the main function of processing of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is to reduce toxicity and increase efficiency. The key to the best clinical efficacy of TCM after processing lies in three aspects of moderation, adaptation and timeliness, namely " three suitability" theory. In recent years, scholars have done a lot of research under the guide of " three suitability" theory, fully explaining the scientific connotation of the theory, which greatly promoted the inheritance and innovation of TCM processing. In this paper, the basic connotation of " three suitability" theory was summarized, combining with a large number of modern research reports, the pharmacodynamics and composition changes of processed drugs were analyzed and discussed under the guide of " three suitability" theory. At the end of the paper, the authors proposed that we should not only systematize the traditional processing theories, but also use modern advanced technologies to explain the essence of traditional processing theories, and to innovate and develop new processing theories, promote the development of TCM processing discipline and the progress of TCM processing industry.

The effect of resilience on fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients: the moderating role of perceived social support / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of resilience on fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients and to find the specific role of perceived social support between them. Methods From April 2018 to January 2019, we invited 456 breast cancer patients hospitalized in the Department of Breast surgery in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University in Jinan to participate in the study and to finish a questionnaire survey which including the general information questionnaire, Chinese version of the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form, The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Perceived Social Support Scale. Results The average score of fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients was (41.5 ± 7.7), and 85.99%(313/364)of the patients′ score was clinically significant (total score ≥ 34). Resilience could negatively predict the fear of cancer recurrence (β=-0.240 P<0.01). Perceived social support is the moderation between resilience and fear of cancer recurrence (β =-0.179, P＜0.01). Conclusions The level of resilience could affect the level of fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients, and the increase in the level of perceived social support could enhance the effect of resilience on the fear of cancer recurrence, thus further reducing the level of patient′s fear of recurrence.

The effect of resilience on fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients: the moderating role of perceived social support / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of resilience on fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients and to find the specific role of perceived social support between them.@*Methods@#From April 2018 to January 2019, we invited 456 breast cancer patients hospitalized in the Department of Breast surgery in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University in Jinan to participate in the study and to finish a questionnaire survey which including the general information questionnaire, Chinese version of the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form, The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Perceived Social Support Scale.@*Results@#The average score of fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients was (41.5±7.7), and 85.99% (313/364) of the patients′ score was clinically significant (total score ≥ 34). Resilience could negatively predict the fear of cancer recurrence (β=-0.240 P < 0.01). Perceived social support is the moderation between resilience and fear of cancer recurrence (β=-0.179, P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#The level of resilience could affect the level of fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients, and the increase in the level of perceived social support could enhance the effect of resilience on the fear of cancer recurrence, thus further reducing the level of patient′s fear of recurrence.

Characteristics of Chinese Medicine Education Under British Education System in New Zealand / 中国结合医学杂志

With the globalisation of Chinese medicine (CM), the local CM education institutions were established in many other countries outside of China. These CM education institutions have formed a new mode in CM education after integrating with local culture, law and national conditions. This article takes New Zealand CM education institutions as an example to discuss the characteristics of CM education under the British education system, aiming to provide ideas on CM education in China and other countries.

New method for evaluating pharmacodynamics of traditional Chinese medicine compounds based on its moderate regulation and principle of balanced adjustment of immunity under pan-immunomic / 中国中药杂志

For the basic research on the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), objective syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine and evaluation criteria of traditional Chinese medicine compounds are hardly to break though. While, the modern immunology points out that the body is a counterbalance state and immune imbalance is the root of sickness. The thinking mode of treating diseases in traditional Chinese medicine is also "balance", considering disease is the result of bias which present the imbalance of "Yin counters Yang", "exterior counters interior", "cold counters heat" and "weak counters strong". The Chinese herbal compound formula preparation was applied on disease therapy based on theory of Chinese medicine, which was confirmed by long period clinical application. It is composed of multi-compounds and has the characteristic of multi-targeting. Integrative medicine has spawned pan-immunomics, and the evaluation of immune function (immune balance) has become an important basis for diagnosis and treatment models of integrative medicine. In addition, balance is the core idea of whole-systemic conception of traditional Chinese medicine. Therefore, we speculate that immune balance under pan-immunomic can bridge the traditional Chinese medicine and modern integrative medicine and is the important basis for objective syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine and evaluation criteria of traditional Chinese medicine compounds. According to the bridging theory, we attempt to utilize informatics and statistical methods to construct an evaluation system for pharmacodynamics of traditional Chinese medicine based on its moderate regulation and the balanced adjustment of immunity under pan-immunomic, which further reveal the scientific essence of the whole-systemic view of traditional Chinese medicine. This research brings out a new valuable strategy and provides a theoretical basis for accelerating the transformation of traditional Chinese medicine, especially the exploitation of Chinese herbal compound formula, and constructing the new drug innovation and review system for traditional Chinese medicine. Besides as a reference for traditional Chinese medicine objective syndrome and pharmacodynamics of traditional Chinese medicine compounds, the evaluation system can screen the immunity of sub-health population also. With the continuous accumulation of clinical sample and data, the evaluation system will be more accurate and intelligent.

Amphetamine-type stimulant use and conditional paths of consumption: data from the Second Brazilian National Alcohol and Drugs Survey

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate nationally representative prevalence rates of amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) use and to identify consumption-associated factors, proposing a conditional model of direct and indirect consumption paths. Method: Using data from the Second Brazilian National Alcohol and Drugs Survey, this cross-sectional study analyzed a subsample of 3,828 participants between 15 and 64 years old, gathering information on the use of psychoactive substances in a probabilistic sample of the Brazilian household population. Results: Rates of lifetime and last-year ATS use were, respectively, 4.1 and 1.6%. Economically privileged individuals and users of other substances were more at risk for using ATS. The results suggest that higher education decreases the chances of ATS consumption. The conditional model showed that higher income increased ATS use, higher education lowered the odds of such an increase, and cocaine use cancelled that associative effect. Conclusion: Brazil presents high rates of ATS use. Prevention and treatment strategies should focus on the protective effect of higher education levels and should target polydrug use. Knowledge of ATS-associated factors and user profiles is the starting point for developing effective treatments and tailored prevention strategies.

Nivel Socioeconómico y conductas externalizadas en preescolares: el rol del mediador parental / Socioeconomical level and behavior in school-age children: the mediating role of parents

Un determinante de particular relevancia en el desarrollo humano es el nivel socioeconómico y, en específico, el nivel socioeconómico (NSE) bajo y la pobreza. El entorno familiar es asimismo fundamental en el desarrollo de niños y niñas, y un potencial mediador o moderador del efecto de condiciones sociales más amplias. Objetivo: Analizar el rol del estrés parental como variable mediadora de la relación del NSE con conductas externalizadas e internalizadas en niños y niñas preescolares. Sujetos y Método: Estudio descriptivo de base secundaria basado en la Encuesta Longitudinal de Primera Infancia Chilena que seleccionó una muestra estratificada, representativa por clusters, de 9.996 niños y niñas de 3 a 5 años y sus cuidadoras(es), los(as) que completaron una batería de instrumentos para la medida de las variables de NSE, estrés parental y conductas externalizadas e internalizadas. El análisis utilizó un modelo lineal con estimación por mínimos cuadrados. Como prueba de hipótesis, se usó la Dm, una adaptación de la prueba F para imputación múltiple. Resultados: El modelo de mediación del estrés parental en la relación entre NSE y conductas externalizadas e internalizadas se corroboró para las segundas; respecto de las conductas externalizadas se observó un modelo de moderación, siendo menor la influencia del estrés en el NSE bajo. Conclusiones: El estrés parental mostró una clara relación con la presencia de conductas externalizadas e internalizadas, más fuerte que el NSE; la relación entre NSE y estrés parental resulta de importancia para comprender los procesos que afectan el desarrollo de niños y niñas.

A determinant of particular relevance in human development is the socioeconomic status (SES) and, specifically, low SES and poverty. Likewise, family environment is essential in the development of children and a potential mediator or moderator of the effect of broader social conditions. Objective: To analyze the role of parenting stress as a mediating variable of the relationship between SES and both externalized and internalized behaviors in preschool children. Subjects and Method: Descriptive secondary base study based on the Longitudinal Survey of Chilean First Infancy that selected a stratified sample, representative by clusters, of 9.996 children from 3 to 5 years old and their caregivers, that completed a battery of instruments for measuring SES variables, parenting stress and externalized and internalized behaviors. The analysis used a linear model with least square estimate. As hypothesis testing, the Dm (an adaptation of the F-test for multiple imputation method) was used. Results: The mediation model of parenting stress in the relationship between SES and both externalized and internalized behaviors was confirmed for the latter; regarding externalized behaviors a model of moderation was observed, being the stress influence lower on the low SES. Conclusions: Parental stress showed a clear relationship with the presence of externalized and internalized behaviors, stronger than the SES. The relationship between SES and parenting stress is very important to understand the processes that affect children’s development.

Validación del programa de intervención para el consumo abusivo de alcohol: pactos por la vida / Validation of an intervention program against alcohol abuse: pacts for life

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio era evaluar los alcances de la aplicación del programa de prevención del consumo abusivo y la dependencia alcohólica "Pactos por la Vida" propuesto por Flórez-Alarcón y Vélez (2012), en la modificación de factores asociados al consumo de drogas en un Municipio Pequeño. Los instrumentos usados para la evaluación cuantitativa y cualitativa de los alcances del programa fueron: entrevista en profundidad, diarios de campo, mapeo, encuestas y registros de observación directa. Se realizaron análisis cualitativos del material obtenido y comparaciones de medias de las medidas asociadas con el consumo de alcohol; además de incluir un cuadro de análisis de la eficacia del programa. Se concluye que la estrategia es probablemente efectiva, y que en su aplicación a Municipios pequeños requiere de un ajuste.

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the scope of the implementation of the "Pacts for Life" program, designed to prevent alcohol abuse and dependence (Flórez-Alarcón & Velez, 2012), in modifying factors associated to drug use in a small municipality. Instruments used for the quantitative and qualitative assessment were: in-depth interview, field notes, mapping, surveys and direct observation records. Qualitative analysis of the material obtained and comparison of means of measurements associated with alcohol consumption were performed; and an analysis of the effectiveness of the program is included. We conclude that the strategy is probably effective, and that its application to small municipalities requires adjustment.

Moderation-integrated-balance presupposition of Chinese medicine compound and pharmacological problems in traditional Chinese drug research / 中国中药杂志

The moderation-integrated-balance presupposition (MIBP) of Chinese medicine compound was first proposed in this paper based on the review of function characteristics and action principles of Chinese medicine compound. Furthermore, the pharmacological problems of traditional Chinese drug research were discussed in details. The results were of important value in accelerating the transformation of traditional Chinese medicine compound, and constructing the new drug innovation and review system for traditional Chinese medicine.

El efecto modulador del clima organizacional en la influencia de la comunicación de funciones directivas sobre el conflicto de rol / Modulatory Effect of Organizational Climate in the Influence of Communication Leadership Roles on Role Conflict

Este trabajo analiza el papel que ejerce el clima organizacional como elemento modulador entre la comunicación de funciones directivas y el conflicto de rol. En el presente estudio han participado 315 trabajadores de cooperativas hortofrutícolas almerienses. Los resultados generales mostraron que el clima es un elemento modulador de la relación entre la comunicación de funciones directivas y el conflicto rol. En concreto, indicaron que la influencia de la comunicación de funciones directivas hace disminuir el conflicto de rol y este efecto se incrementa cuando aumenta la percepción de clima de apoyo, clima de innovación y clima de orientación a reglas. Se discuten las implicaciones prácticas del estudio, junto con las limitaciones y sugerencias para futuras investigaciones derivadas del mismo.

This paper analyzes the role exerted by the organizational climate as a modulator of communication between leadership and role conflict. To do this, the study involved 315 workers of cooperatives in horticulture. The overall results showed that the weather is an element modulator of communication regarding leadership and role conflict. Specifically, the data indicated that the negative influence of communication in leadership on role conflict increases with increasing perceived supportive climate, weather and climate innovation orientation rules, although with lower modulation effects the first two. We discuss the practical implications of the study, along with the limitations and suggestions for future research arising therefrom.

The influence of academic pressure on student burnout:the moderation of self-esteem / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To examine the impact of academic pressure,self-esteem,and their interactive effect on student burnout.Methods A total of 1 497 middle school students were investigated with three questionnaires.Results The scores of academic pressure,self-esteem,exhaustion,cynicism,efficacy were 9.95 ± 4.52,21.90±5.04,11.84±4.05,10.84±4.88,20.60±5.47 respectively.Results indicated that the main effects of academic pressure and self-esteem on student bumout were significant.Specifically,academic pressure affected exhaustion (β =0.467,P＜0.01) and efficacy (β=0.134,P＜0.05) ; self-esteem affected cynicism (β=0.588,P＜0.01) and efficacy (β=0.549,P＜0.01).Self-esteem moderated the impact of academic pressure on student burnout(β=-0.216,P＜0.01).The impact of academic pressure on student burnout became lower when their self-esteem grows.Self-esteem moderated the impacts of academic pressure on exhaustion and efficacy,but the moderate effect of selfesteem on the influence of academic pressure on efficacy was very small and could be neglected.Conclusion Academic pressure,self-esteem affect student burnout,and self-esteem moderate the influence of academic pressure on student burnout negatively.

Valores humanos como moderadores e supressores na preferência do consumidor por marcas e produtos / Humans values as moderators and suppressors of consumer's preference for brands and products / Valores humanos como moderadores y supresores de preferencia del consumidor por marcas y productos

Alguns estudos presumem que a predição dos valores humanos sobre as escolhas dos consumidores é mediada pelas atitudes dos produtos, todavia não testam se eles são moderadores dessa relação e supressores da escolha anterior. A moderação e supressão seriam prováveis ao observar a qualidade e o grau das intensificações ou atenuações dos valores nas decisões e nas inércias das escolhas, não pressupondo serem causas delas. Efetuaram-se testes de interação dos valores junto à importância dos critérios de decisão para predizer preferência por produtos e marcas, considerando a escolha anterior. As regressões logísticas e ordinais demonstram que os valores humanos moderam a relação decisões-preferência e suprimem a influência inercial da escolha anterior com bons ajustes e poderes preditivos. Os resultados auxiliam a compreender o papel dos valores humanos nas escolhas dos consumidores...

Some studies assume that the prediction of human values on consumer choices is mediated by the attitudes of the products, but do not test if they are moderators of this relation and suppressors of the previous choice. The moderation and suppression would be likely observing the quality and level of intensification or attenuation of the values on decisions and on the inertia of choices, assuming they are not causes of them. We performed interaction tests of values with the importance of decision criteria to predict preference for products and brands, considering the previous choice. Logistic and ordinal regressions reveal that human values moderate the decisions regarding preference and suppress the inertial influence of previous choice with good fit and predictive power. The results help to understand the role of human values on consumer choices...

Algunos estudios suponen que la predicción de los valores humanos en las opciones del consumidor es mediada por las actitudes de los productos, pero no prueban si son moderadores de esta relación y supresores de la opción anterior. La moderación y la supresión serían probables observando la calidad y el grado de intensificación o atenuación de los valores en las decisiones y la inercia de las opciones, suponiendo que no son las causas de ellas. Realizamos pruebas de interacción de los valores con la importancia de los criterios de decisión para predecir la preferencia por los productos y marcas, teniendo en cuenta la opción anterior. Regresiones logísticas y ordinales demuestran que los valores humanos moderan las decisiones con respecto a la preferencia y eliminan la influencia de inercia de la opción anterior, con buenos ajustes y poderes predictivos. Los resultados ayudan a entender el papel de los valores humanos en las decisiones de consumo...

Mediación moderada, sensibilidad emocional y atontamiento en el contexto del estrés / Moderated Mediation, Emotional Sensitivity and Coping in the Context of Stress / Mediação moderada, sensibilidade emocional e afrontamento no contexto do stress

El presente trabajo describe una propuesta teórica explicativa de la relación estrés-enfermedad, denominada modelo de mediación moderada, en el cual se establece la intervención de la sensibilidad emocional y el afrontamiento en tal relación; actuando la primera como variable moderadora y la segunda como variable mediadora del modelo. La propuesta pasa por una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura reportada en los últimos 15 años sobre el tema de las variables moderadoras y mediadoras en el contexto del estrés y la importancia de su diferenciación a la hora de integrarlas en los modelos explicativos. Para ello, se usaron las palabras clave "moderación, mediación y estrés" como criterios de búsqueda en las bases de datos bibliográficas. Asimismo, se ofrecen múltiples evidencias sobre la influencia de la sensibilidad emocional y el afrontamiento en la relación estrés-enfermedad en diferentes contextos y poblaciones. El modelo de mediación moderada se presenta como una propuesta teórica a ser validada empíricamente.

The present paper describes a theoretical proposal of the stress-illness relationship, called the moderated mediation model, in which the intervention of emotional sensitivity and coping in such relationships are established, with the former acting as moderating variable and the latteras mediating variable of the model. The proposal was subjected to an exhaustive review of literature over the last 15 years on the subject of moderating and mediating variables in the context of stress, and the relevance of their differentiation when integrated in explanatory models. Key words such as "moderation, mediation and stress" were used as search criteria in the bibliographical data bases. Likewise, considerable empirical evidence is offered regarding the influence of emotional sensitivity and coping in the stress-illness relationship in different contexts and populations. The moderated mediation model is being presented as a theoretical proposal to be empirically validated.

O presente trabalho descreve uma proposta teórica explicativa da relação stress- doença, denominada modelo de mediação moderada, no qual estabelece-se a intervenção da sensibilidade emocional e o afrontamento em tal relação, atuando a primeira como variável moderada e a segunda como variável mediadora do modelo. A proposta passa por uma revisão exaustiva da literatura reportada nos últimos 15 anos sobre o tema das variáveis moderadoras e mediadoras no contexto do stress e a importância de sua diferenciação à hora de ser integradas nos modelos explicativos. Para isto foram usadas as palavras chave "moderação, mediação e stress" como critérios de procura nas bases de dados bibliográficas. Assim mesmo, são oferecidas múltiplas evidencias sobre a influencia da sensibilidade emocional e o afrontamento na relação stress- doença em diferentes contextos e populações. O modelo de mediação moderada apresenta-se como uma proposta teórica para ser avaliada empiricamente.

Sentido de vida, bem-estar psicologico e qualidade de vida em professores escolares / Sentido de vida, bienestar psicologico y calidad de vida en profesores / Meaning in life, psychological well-being and quality of life in teachers

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar os índices de sentido de vida (SV), de bem-estar psicológico (BEP) e de qualidade de vida (QV) em uma ampla amostra de professores escolares, e observar como o SV poderia atuar como variável moderadora da relação entre o BEP e a QV geral. Participaram do estudo 517 professores, de 57 escolas públicas e privadas da cidade de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil, sendo 174 homens e 343 mulheres (idade média de 36,5 anos, DP = 10,34). Os resultados demonstraram que uma parcela significativa de profissionais apresentou índices negativos de SV, BEP e QV. Análises inferenciais apresentaram o SV como uma variável preditora tanto de BEP quanto de QV. Análises de moderação demonstraram que o BEP e a QV geral apresentam correlações distintas para sujeitos com alto e com baixo nível de SV. Reflexões para pesquisas futuras e intervenções em saúde do trabalhador são apontadas.

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los índices de sentido de vida (SV), bienestar psicológico (BP) e calidad de vida (CV) en una amplia muestra de profesores escolares, y observar cómo el sentido de vida podría actuar como una variable moderadora de la relación entre el BP y la CV general. Participaron del estudio 517 profesores, de 57 escuelas públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil, siendo 174 hombres y 373 mujeres (promedio de 36,5 años, DE = 10,34). Los resultados mostraron que parte significativa de los profesionales presentaron índices negativos de SV, BP y CV. Análisis inferenciales mostraron al SV como una variable predictora, tanto de BP como de CV. Análisis de moderación demostraron que BP y CV presentaron correlaciones diferentes en sujetos con altos y con bajos niveles de SV. Reflexiones para investigaciones futuras e intervenciones en salud del trabajador son señaladas.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of meaning in life (MIL), psychological well-being (PWB) and quality of life (QOL) in a large sample of school teachers, and to observe to what extent the MIL could act as a moderator variable in the relation between PWB and general QOL. The study included 517 teachers from 57 public and private schools in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil, 174 men and 343 women (averaging 36.5 years old, SD = 10.34). The results showed that a significant portion of professionals had negative indexes of MIL, PWB and QOL. Inferential analyses showed MIL as a predictor variable of both PWB and QOL. Moderation analysis demonstrated that the PWB and QOL showed distinct correlations for individuals with high and low levels of MIL. Reflections for future research and occupational health interventions are suggested.

Gold zone method of psychological guidance in children and adolescents / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The key point to define the psychological problem in children is the grasp of degree,also,the key point to educate children is the grasp of degree.Are there some principles to clarify the degree? How to quantify the degree? This paper brought forward the gold zone method of psychological guidance in children and adolescents and defined its quantitive expression as golden section.The gold zone method can grasp the scale set according to the goal,form the proper consumption value,control the interpersonal intimacy,cultivate fine thinking and behavioral pattern,and give appropriate guidance to many basic problems about children's growth.